The AXIS statement can be used within the scope of a graphics
procedure. It allows you to control the appearance of the axes of
your plots and charts. If you want to specify more than one AXIS
statement, follow the keyword AXIS with a number, n. The general
form of the AXIS statement is:
AXISn options;
The options below can be used with an AXIS statement:
- ORDER=(list)
- specifies the data values in the
order they are to appear on the axis. This can imply
clipping (for example, if the data range is 1 to 10
and you specify ORDER=(3 to 5), then only the data in
the range 3 to 5 appear on the plot).
- LABEL=NONE
- LABEL=(description)
- specifies a label description. The LABEL= option
gives the attributes or text of the variable label
associated with the variable represented on this
axis. If no text is specified, the variable label is
used. If neither text nor a variable label is
specified, the variable name is used. If you specify
LABEL=NONE, the label is suppressed. If you specify
LABEL=(description), description can take the
parameters listed in the VALUE and LABEL Description
Parameters section.
- VALUE=NONE
- VALUE=(description)
- specifies a value description. VALUE= gives the
attributes and/or text of the values on the axis. A
value is the text associated with a major tick mark.
If no text is specified, the formatted variable
values are used. If you specify VALUE=NONE, the
values are suppressed. If you specify
VALUE=(description), description can take the
parameters listed in the VALUE and LABEL Description
Parameters section.
- MAJOR=NONE
- MAJOR=(description)
- specifies a major tick mark description. The
MAJOR= option gives the attributes of the tick marks.
If you specify MAJOR=NONE, no major tick marks appear
on the axis; however, the values associated with
those tick marks are not affected. If you specify
MAJOR=(description), description can take the
parameters listed in the Tick Description Parameters
section.
- MINOR=NONE
- MINOR=(description)
- specifies a minor tick mark description. The
MINOR= option describes the minor tick marks in one
major tick interval. This description is used between
all major tick intervals. If you specify MINOR=NONE,
no minor tick marks appear on the axis, If you
specify MINOR=(description), description can take the
parameters listed in the section Tick Description
Parameters.
- ORIGIN=(x,y)
- specifies the x coordinate of the
origin and the y coordinate of the origin on the
screen or graphics display area. You can set each
x,y pair equal to x,y CELL (where x,y is expressed in
character cell units); x,y PCT (where x,y is
expressed as a percentage of the display area); x,y
IN (where x,y is expressed in inches); or x,y CM
(where n is expressed in centimeters). If you do not
specify a unit with x,y, the value specified with the
GOPTION GUNIT= is used. If you did not specify a
GUNIT= value, the default value, character cells, is
used.
You can use different units of measurement in a
single specification to define the x and y
coordinates.
If you want to specify the location of only one of
the coordinates, you can supply a null value for the
other coordinate.
If you specify only one coordinate without a null
value, it is assumed to be the x coordinate.
- OFFSET=(n,m)
- specifies the amount of space at
which to offset the first major tick mark from the
origin (n) and the amount of space at which to offset
the last major tick mark from the end of the axis
(m). If m is not specified, m equals n.
You can set OFFSET equal to n,m CELL (where n,m is
expressed in character cell units); n PCT,m PCT
(where n,m is expressed as a percentage of the
display area); n IN,m IN (where n,m is expressed in
inches); or n CM,m CM (where n,m is expressed in
centimeters). If you do not specify a unit with n,m,
the value specified with the GOPTION GUNIT= is used.
If you did not specify a GUNIT= value, the default
value, character cells, is used.
You can use different units of measurement in a
single specification to define n and m.
If you want to specify the location of only one of
the coordinates, you can supply a null value for the
other coordinate.
If you specify only one coordinate without a null
value, it is assumed to be the x coordinate.
- LENGTH=n
- specifies the length of the axis. You can set
LENGTH equal to n CELL (where n is expressed in
character cell units); n PCT (where n is expressed as
a percentage of the display area); n IN (where n is
expressed in inches); or n CM (where n is expressed
in centimeters). If you do not specify a unit with
n, the value specified with the GOPTION GUNIT= is
used. If you did not specify a GUNIT= value, the
default value, character cells, is used.
- STYLE=n
- specifies the line style of the axis line. If you
specify STYLE=0, the axis line is not drawn.
- COLOR=color
- specifies the color of the axis
line. The colors in the COLORS= list for your device
are valid values for the COLOR= option.
- WIDTH=n
- specifies the width (in pixels) of the axis line,
where n is a positive integer.
- NOBRACKETS
- suppresses the printing of group
brackets.
- LOGBASE=n
- LOGBASE=PI
- LOGBASE=e
- specifies that the axis will be logarithmic and
specifies the base. The value you specify for n must
be greater than 1.
- LOGSTYLE=POWER
- LOGSTYLE=EXPAND
- specifies the style for outputting the values on
an axis when the LOGBASE= option is specified.
LOGSTYLE=POWER specifies that only the powers (for
example, -1, 0, 1, 2, and so on) are displayed.
LOGSTYLE=EXPAND specifies that the values should be
expanded (for example, .1, 1., 10, 100, and so on).
The default is LOGSTYLE=EXPAND.
VALUE and LABEL Description Parameters
The VALUE and LABEL descriptions accept parameters much like a
TITLE, NOTE, or FOOTNOTE statement. The following parameters are
valid.
- COLOR=color
- C=color
- specifies the color for the VALUE or LABEL
descriptions. If COLOR= is not specified, the color
specified in the CTEXT= option is used. If the
CTEXT= option was omitted, then the first color in
the COLORS= list is used.
- FONT=name
- F=name
- specifies the font for the VALUE or LABEL
descriptions. The default value is FONT=NONE.
- HEIGHT=number
- H=number
- specifies the height for the VALUE and LABEL
descriptions. If HEIGHT= is omitted, the default
height of 1 is used.
- ANGLE=number
- A=number
- specifies the angle at which VALUE and LABEL
descriptions are drawn. The default is not to rotate
these descriptions.
- ROTATE=number
- R=number
- specifies the angle at which VALUE and LABEL
descriptions are rotated. The default is not to
rotate these descriptions.
- JUSTIFY|J=L
- JUSTIFY|J=R
- JUSTIFY|J=C
- specifies the justification of the
VALUE and LABEL descriptions. The default is to
center the VALUE and LABEL descriptions. JUSTIFY= can
be used to obtain multiple lines of text for a single
tick mark.
In addition to the values above, VALUE can take the
following parameter.
- T=n
- begins the definition for the nth tick mark.
For LABEL, the quoted string is the text of the
label. For VALUE, each quoted string is associated
with a tick mark unless the T= command appears at
least once. Then the T= command(s) define the
association between the quoted strings and tick
marks.
Tick Description Parameters
The tick description can contain the following parameters.
- COLOR=name
- C=name
- specifies the color of the tick mark. The default
is the color specified with the CAXIS= option, or if
you did not specify the CAXIS= option, the first
color in the COLORS= list is used.
- N=number
- specifies the number of the tick mark being
described. The default is a missing value.
- H=number
- specifies the height (in character cells) of the
tick mark.
Prepared by
Michael Friendly
Email<friendly@yorku.ca>
Last Updated:Friday, July 19, 1995
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